Endocrinology

Definitions

Endocrine Gland

Exocrine Gland

Hormone

Types of Hormones

Water Soluble – protein based hormones

Fat Soluble – steroid hormones

Control of Hormone levels

Feedback regulation

Functional regulation

Central Nervous System control

Hypothalamus – produces 2 hormones

ADH [anti-diuretic hormone]

Oxytocin

-- secretes regulator hormones – releasing hormone [RH] and inhibitory hormone[ IH]

-- contains autonomic centers and interacts when sympathetic nervous system is activated

Mechanism of Action

Water Soluble - use secondary messenger

Fat Soluble- able to enter cell

Primary Endocrine Glands – adrenals, gonads, pancreas, parathyroid, pineal, pituitary & thyroid

Secondary Endocrine Glands – heart, kidney, liver, placentas, thymus

Pituitary = ‘master gland’- hypophysis

Anterior lobe – adenohypophysis

ACTH – adrenocorticotrophic hormone

GH – growth hormone – also known as somatotrophin

PRl - prolactin 

FSH – follicle stimulating hormone

LH – luteninzing hormone- female

ICSH – interstitial cell stimulating hormone – male

TSH – thyroid stimulating hormone

MSH – melanocyte stimulating hormone

Posterior lobe – neurohypophysis

ADH

Oxytocin

Specific Hormone Examples

Hormones involved in regulation of blood sugar

Pancreas – insulin 

-glucagon

Adrenal gland – adrenaline [epinephrine]

-cortisol

Pituitary gland – growth hormone