ARCHIVE - FOR EACH TISSUE TYPE LISTED: DRAW AND LABEL A FEW REPRESENTATIVE CELLS

Anatomy & Physiology Summer 2004

FOR EACH TISSUE TYPE LISTED: DRAW AND LABEL A FEW REPRESENTATIVE CELLS. LIST LOCATION AND FUNCTION OF TISSUE IN SLIDE

- SIMPLE CUIBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

- SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

- SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

- TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

- STRATIFIED CUIBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

- PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

- LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

- ADIPOSE TISSUE

- FIBROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE

- CARTILAGE - HYALINE

- MUSCLE - SKELETAL, CARDIAC & SMOOTH

- GROUND BONE

MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION

- EXAMINE MICROSCOPE SLIDES OF SKIN AND SCALP AND LOCATE THE FOLLOWING:

- EPIDERMIS

- DERMIS INCLUDING HAIR SHAFT, ROOT AND FOLLICLE, ARRECTOR PILI MUSCLE, SEBACEOUS GLAND, ECCRINE SWEAT GLAND, SENSORY RECEPTORS, BLOOD VESSELS

- HYPODERMIS -ADIPOSE TISSUE, BLOOD VESSELS

QUESTIONS

1. HOW ARE NAILS AND HAIR SIMILAR?

2. HOW DOES THE SKIN OF YOUR PALM DIFFER FROM THAT ON THE BACK OF YOUR HAND?

3. WHAT KIND OF TISSUE FORMS THE INNER LINING OF A HAIR FOLLICLE?

4. WHAT SPECIAL QUALITIES DOES THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE OF THE DERMIS HAVE?

5. DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENCES YOU OBSERVED IN THE TYPE AND DISTRIBUTION OF HAIR ON THE FRONT AND BACK OF YOUR FOREARM.

SKIN SENSATIONS

WORKING WITH A PARTNER, PERFORM THE FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTS AND ANSWER THE ASSOCIATED QUESTIONS.

1. TWO - POINT DISCRIMINATION TEST

- THE DISTRIBUTION OF TACTILE (TOUCH) RECEPTORS VARIES OVER DIFFERENT AREAS OF THE BODY. WITH 2 CLEAN TOOTHPICK POINTS, TOUCH THE SKIN ON THE FOLLOWING SUGGESTED AREAS OF THE BODY. START WITH THE POINTS VERY CLOSE TOGETHER AND INCREASE THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE POINTS UNTIL THE PERSON IS ABLE TO DISCERN TWO DISTINCT POINTS. BE SURE TO LIFT THE POINTS OFF THE SKIN WHEN INCREASING THE DISTANCE BETWEEN POINTS. RECORD THIS DISTANCE IN MILLIMETERS FOR EACH OF THE AREAS TESTED.

TIP OF NOSE __________________ BACK OF NECK ___________________

PALM OF HAND _______________ BACK OF HAND ____________________

WHAT CAN YOU CONCLUDE FROM THE ABOVE DATA?

2. ADAPTATION OF TOUCH RECEPTORS

- NOTE THE TIME ON A WATCH WITH A SECOND HAND, AND PLACE A COIN, SUCH AS A PENNY OR A DIME, UPON THE SKIN OF THE INSIDE OF THE FOREARM. HOW LONG DOES THE SENSATION LAST?

- THIS DISAPPEARANCE OF SENSATION IS DUE TO THE FACT THAT THE RECEPTORS ‘ADAPT’ TO THE PARTICULAR STIMULUS AND , THEREFORE, INITIATE NO MORE NERVE IMPULSES UNTIL A CHANGE TAKES PLACE IN THE STIMULUS. REPEAT THE EXPERIMENT ON A NEW SPOT ON THE SKIN, BUT AFTER THE SENSATION DISAPPEARS, ADD TWO MORE COINS OF THE SAME DENOMINATION ON TIP OF THE COIN, DID THE SENSATION RETURN?

HOW LONG DID THE SENSATION LAST WHEN 3 COINS WERE USED?

MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS

OBTAIN A CLEAN MICROSCOPE SLIDE, AND COVER SLIP. USING ONE OF YOUR OWN SCALP HAIRS AND ONE HAIR FROM ANOTHER REGION OF YOUR BODY - PLACE BOTH HAIRS SIDE BY SIDE ON THE SLIDE - ADD ONE DROP OF WATER AND COVER WITH COVER SLIP. OBSERVE UNDER MICROSCOPE. NOTICE ANY SIMILARITIES - DIFFERENCES IN TEXTURE - THICKNESS - MELANIN.

OBTAIN A CLASSMATES HAIR THAT IS A DIFFERENT COLOR FROM YOUR OWN. DIFFERENT SHADES OF BROWN WILL WORK - BUT THE LARGER THE CONTRAST THE BETTER. PREPARE ON SLIDE AS BEFORE AND OBSERVE AGAIN. NOTICE ANY SIMILARITIES - DIFFERENCES IN TEXTURE - THICKNESS - MELANIN. TIGHT CURLS WILL HAVE A TRIANGULAR APPEARANCE TO THE SHAFT, WAVY WILL LOOK OVAL AND STRAIGHT HAIR HAS A CIRCULAR SHAFT. SKETCH YOUR HAIR AND IDENTIFY ITS SHAFT APPEARANCE.

QUESTIONS

1. WHAT OBSERVATIONS DID YOU MAKE REGARDING MELANIN DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN DIFFERENT COLOR HAIR?

2. WHAT TEXTURE DIFFERENCE DID YOU NOTICE BETWEEN HEAD AND BODY HAIR?