Noam Chomsky Psychological Nativism Linguistics Jean Piaget Constructivism Language Aquisition Sigmund Freud Temple Grandin Whorf-Sapir Hypothesis Lev Vygotsky BF Skinner Behaviorism Lawrence Kohlberg Steven Pinker Mary Ainsworth Oliver Sacks Victor Frankl Howard Gardner Frans de Waal Judith Rich Harris Jerry Fodor Modularity of Mind Daniel Dennet Richard Dawkins Erik Erikson Konrad Lorenz Elizabeth Spelke William James
I'm a Paul Ekman fan, and there is a great post about him at Mind Hacks (with lots of cool links). Go check it out.