I did this very approximately and not to the level of detail asked for in the book.

We'll just use the formula given in the book for Problems in Context, #5:

N = 2.45 * Year -4,734
(Whoever used this formula in class to get N for the year 1995 and got a negative number ust have made a mistake.)

So our raw data (organized in decades) using this formula is (and I truncated so this is just an estimate):
  t0 t1 t2 t3 t4
Year 1995 2005 2015 2025 2035
N 153 178 202 227  
CO2 918 1068 1212 1362  
Change 150 144 150
So tn is the carbon dioxide added in the nth decade after 1995.

Here is the equations I used (multiplying by 6 as the book says for the carbon dioxide per car):

And it looks like the difference is "about" 150. So:

t0 = 918
tn = tn-1 + 150

Since I used decades from 1995, I'll look at what's going on in 2045 (instead of 2050 as in the book). This will be t5:

2045 (t5) = t4 + 150 = t3 + 150 + 150 = 1362 + 150 + 150 = 1662

Now we want the total CO2 added to the atmosphere, from 1995 to 2045. This is a sum:

Sum_0 = t0

Sum_1 = t0 + t1

Sum_2 = t0 + t1 + t2

Elaborating as we did in class to expose the pattern:

Sum_0 = 918

Sum_1 = 918 + 918 + 150

Sum_2 = 918 + 918 + 150 + 918 + 150 + 150

OR

Sum_n =  918 * (n+1) + 150 * (1 + 2 + ... + n)

       = 918 * (n+1) * 150 * (n)(n+1)/2

For Sum_5 (ie 2045) = 918 * 6 + 150 * 5 * 6 / 2 = 7758