Citation And Style Guides
The Chicago Manual of Style
Things To Remember...
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Bibliographic citations following the CMS standards require that an author have both endnotes at the end of a paper, and a reference list of citations. Normally the author would indicate within the body of his or her text which endnote to refer to for bibliographic information. See Below...
Within Text
On December 7, 1944, it became obvious that the Japanese had intended to acquire Hawaii as part of their empire.1
Endnote
1. James Gibson, The Empire of the Sun: World War II (New York: Hall, 1998), 34.
Different from the standards set by the MLA and the APA, the Chicago Manual of Style suggests thatyou use italics to indicate a title, rather than underlining.
A Book by one Author
Endnote
1. Jacob A. Rose, The Urban Pasta Sauce, 3d ed. (Everett: Bellowing Ark, 1999), 123.Bibliographic Listing
Rose, Jacob A. The Urban Pasta Sauce, 3d ed. Everett: Bellowing Ark, 1999.
A Book by Two or Three Authors
Endnote
2. Matthew Lord and Jacob Rose, Giving to the Music: A Composition (Langley: Moonraker Press, 2003), 34.
Bibliographic Listing
Lord, Matthew, and Jacob Rose. Giving to the Music: A Composition. Langley: Moonraker Press, 2003.
A Book by more than than three authors
Endnote
3. John Serres et al., Once Upon a Little Island (Dallas: A&M Press, 2002), 23.
Bibliographic Listing
Serres, J., et al. Once Upon a Little Island. Dallas: A&M Press, 2002.
An Edited Book
Endnote
4. James Bertrud. The Idle Times of Man, ed. Robert Coale (Langley: Moonraker Press, 1999), 12.
Bibliographic Listing
Bertrud, James. The Idle Times of Man. Edited by Robert Coale. Langley: Moonraker Press, 1999.
A chapter in a book or an essay in an anthology
Endnote
5. Megan Moore, "Giving Up The Fight." In The Life and Times of Forty U.S. Presidents, ed. J. Cowan (New York: Free Press, 1967), 234-245.
Bibliographic Listing
Moore, Megan. "Giving Up The Fight." In The Life and Times of Forty U.S. Presidents, ed. J. Cowan, 234-245. New York: Free Press, 1967.
A multivolume work
Endnote
6. Robin Hood, Heroes and Legends (Oxford: Oxford UP, 1999), 2: 123.
Bibliographic Listing
Hood, Robin. Heroes and Legends. Vol 2. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1999.
An article in weekly magazine
Endnote
9. John Smith, "The Winter of Dissolved Salt," NewYorker, 8 Jan 1996, 34.
Bibliographic Listing
Smith, John, "The Winter of Dissolved Salt." New Yorker, 8 Jan 1996, 34-43.
An Article In Monthly Magazine
Endnote
10. Jim Coale, "Giving to the Void," Living In Grace, October 1975, 23.
Bibliographic Listing
Coale, Jim. "Giving to the Void." Living In Grace, October 1975, 23.
An article in a newspaper
Endnote
11. Frank Gimbel, "A Chinese Journeyman's Quest for Indifference," Seattle Times, 23 June 1999, 4(A).
Bibliographic Listing
Gimbel, Frank. "A Chinese Journeyman's Quest for Indifference." Seattle Times, 23 June 1999, 4(A).
A personal interview
Endnote
12. Jimmy Johnson, interview by author, tape recording, Seattle, Wa., 15 April 2003.
Bibliographic Listing
Johnson, Jimmy. Interview by author. Tape recording. Seattle, Wa., 15 April 2003.
A published interview
Endnote
13. Mac Smith, interviewed by Jacob Rose, Modern Language 13, no.3 (winter 1998): 23
Bibliographic Listing
Smith, Mac. Interview by Jacob Rose. Modern Language 13, no.3 (winter 1998): 20-25.
A letter
Endnote
14. Ginger Fuane, letter to the author, 8 June 1990.
Bibliographic Listing
Fuane, Ginger. Letter to author. 8 June 1990.
A film or videotape
Endnote
15. Giving Back, dir. John Cowan, 45 min., MGM Studios, 1998, videocassette.
Bibliographic Listing
Cruise, Tom. Giving Back. Directed by John Cowan. 45 min. MGM Studios, 1998.
Computer Software
Endnote
17. Home Design Pro: Living, vers. 3.0 for Windows, Limpy Ware, Portland, Ore.
Bibliographic Listing
Home Design Pro: Living. Vers. 2.0 for Windows. Limpy Ware, Portland, Ore.
An Electronic Document
NOTE: The folks at CMS suggest that writers follow the International Standards Organization guidelines. Who recommend that you cite the author, authoring organization, electronic medium, possible information on print versions, dates of access and URL's. .
Endnote
18. Jim Bower, "Survey of Men Regarding Left Knee Contusions," in BF-FY (Digest vol.5, no. 4) [electronic bulletin board] (Parsipany, N.J., 1997 [cited 12 April 1997]); available from bf-fy@cs.parsipany.edu; INTERNET.
Bibliographic Listing
Bower, Jim. "Survey of Men Regarding Left Knee Contusions," in BF-FY (Digest vol.5, no. 4)[electronic bulletin board] (Parsipany, N.J., 1997 [cited 12 April 1997]). Available from bf-fy@cs.parsipany.edu; INTERNET.