| Conventional Research | Naturalistic Research |
| Internal
Validity - Did variations in the
independent variable(s) produce a change in the dependent variable? |
Credibility -Will the methodology and its conduct produce findings that are believable and convincing? |
| External Validity - Can the results of this investigation be generalized to other settings? | Transferability - To what other contextually similar settings can these findings be applied? |
| Reliability - Are the results consistent, repeatable, and predictable from one study to another? | Dependability - Within reasonable limits, are the findings consistent with other similar studies? |
| Objectivity - Are the events under study public and observable so as to allow agreement among investigators? | Confirmability - Are both the process and the product of the data collection and analysis auditable by an outside party? |
Adapted from Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills: Sage.
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